
Fine Art
James McNeill Whistler
Also known as James Abbott McNeill Whistler, his
deft brushwork and mighty ego made him one of London's best-known
painters in the second half of the 1800s. Born in Massachusetts,
Whistler spent most of his adult life in England
and France, in an era when an American artist in Europe was
something of a rarity. He specialized in landscapes and (especially
later in his career) portraits; stylistically he is often linked
with Claude Monet and August Renoir, though he was not exactly part
of the Impressionist movement. His etchings also are highly
regarded. Witty, cranky and a bit of a devil,
Whistler
was a regular gadabout in British society. He had a famous
long-running feud with the playwright Oscar Wilde, each of them
trying to outwit the other with cutting public remarks. Some
critics of the era considered Whistler's work to be smudgy and too
radical; after viewing Whistler's 1875 study of fireworks over the
Thames, Nocturne in Black and Gold: the Falling Rocket, John Ruskin
wrote: "I have seen, and heard, much of cockney impudence before
now; but never expected to hear a coxcomb ask two hundred guineas
for flinging a pot of paint in the public's face." Whistler
successfully sued Ruskin for libel but was awarded only a farthing
in damages, and the legal fees helped drive Whistler into
bankruptcy in 1879. Among Whistler's other famous paintings are
Symphony in White #1: the White Girl (1862) and Arrangement in Grey
and Black: Portrait of the Painter's Mother (1871) which is more
famously known as Whistler's Mother. His 1890 collection of letters
and essays was titled The Gentle Art of Making Enemies.
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